Definitions:
The tendons connect muscle to bones in the foot. The two peroneal tendons run side-by-side in the foot and behind the outer ankle bone. One of the tendons attach to outer part of the midfoot. The other peroneal tendon runs under the foot and attaches near the inside of the arch. The main purpose of the two tendons is to stabilize the foot and prevent ankle sprains. The most common types of tendon injuries are tendinitis, tears, and subluxation. People with high arches are at higher risk of a tendon injury.
Signs and Symptoms:
Ankle tendon injuries most commonly occur when participating in sports where repetitive ankle motion is used. Ankle tendons injuries can be acute (occur suddenly) or chronic (developing over a long period of time).
Inflammation of one or both tendons is termed Tendonitis and is caused by repetitive use of the tendon, overuse, or trauma, such as an ankle sprain. The symptoms of tendonitis include pain and swelling. The affected area is also warm to the touch.
Long periods (years) of overuse can lead to Degenerative tears (tendonosis) which is a condition where the tendon has been overstretched so long that it has become thin and eventually frays. People with high arches are especially at risk for tendonosis
Diagnosis:
Tendon injuries can be easily misdiagnosed, therefore, it is important tosee a foot and ankle doctor to have it properly examined. The doctor will examine the foot for swelling, pain, warmth, instability, and weakness, among other things.
Treatment:
The treatment method used will depend on the type of tendon injury. Several choices for treatment include:
- Immobilization
- Medications
- Physical therapy
- Bracing
Surgery may be needed to repair the tendon or tendons. The foot and ankle surgeon will determine the most appropriate procedure. Rehabilitation after surgery is important and will include physical therapy.
